Brief Summary
The October Revolution 1917, known as the October Uprising or Bolshevik Revolution, took place in Petrograd (i.e. St. Petersburg) on the 25th October 1917. The revolution is followed by the February Revolution of the same year, which was after the fall of the Tsarist Autocracy. After the fall of the Tsarist autocracy, the Russian Provisional Government was established. When the provisional government was established, the workers opposed against and criticised the government for its actions. This then led to the overthrow of the provisional government, which is the October revolution. The Bolshevik led the October revolution and successfully overthrew the provisional government. They were supported by the soviets (i.e. workers) because the party gave power to the soviets. After the October revolution, the Congress of Soviets, which was the supreme governing body of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic and Soviet Union, held their second meeting and passed decrees. The second meeting of the Congress of Soviets established the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic. On the 12th November 1917, the Constituent Assembly elections were being held. The Socialist Revolutionary Party won against the Bolshevik Party to be the leaders of the Constituent Assembly. The assembly were about to hold their first meeting on the 28th November 1917, however, the meeting was delayed until the 5th January 1918. The Constituent Assembly opposed against the Soviet government and was then dissolved by the All-Russian Central Executive Committee. The impacts of the October revolution then continues to affect and change the Russian society.
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Stages of the October Revolution 1917
THE ATTEMPT TO DIMINISH THE POWER OF THE DUMA
1_The Fundamental Laws No sooner had the 1905 Revolution died out than Nicholas II thought of withdrawing the liberal concessions from the people. 2_The First Duma (May-July 1906) and the Second Duma (March-June 1907) 3_The Third Duma (1907-1912) and the Fourth Duma (1912-1917) 4_Repression Despite the promises of the October declaration that civil liberties would be granted to the people, a policy of repression was adopted from 1906 to 1911. The prime minister was notorious for persecuting the Jews and harsh treatment of rioters in the countryside. To punish the Finnish nationalists, he deprived Finland of independence. Many Social Democrats, including Lenin, were exiled. 5_Discontent of the Peasants 6_Discontent of the Workers and the non-Russian National Minorities 7_Military defeats 8_Political incompetence 9_Economical Inflation The first stage THE FALL OF CZARDOM DUAL POWER i) Two parallel developments ii) The Attempts of the Provisional Government to Preserve Its Own Power iii) The granting of political freedom iv) The calling of the constituent assembly LENIN'S RETURN a) Lenin's setback The Bolsheviks quickly revived their influence when the Provisional Government had to make use of the military support of the Bolshevik workers in Petrograd to defeat a coup d'etat by a right-wing politician named Kornilov in August. |